Improved hydraulic-pressure regulator



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THEO'DORE d. MCGOWAN, CINCINNTI,uOlilO.`

Letters Patent'No. 85,322

,Jaaa Beamte,- 29, 186s.

IMPROVED HYDRAULIC-PRESSURE REGULATOR. r

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To all/whom 'it may conce/ril Be it known that l', '.lnnonoen J. McGowan, of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new 'and useful Automatic Hydraulic-Pressure Regulator; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description cf the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a vertical section of my automatic hydraulic-pressure regulator.

Figure 2 is a vertical section at right anges to fig. l.

'Figure 3 is a larger view of the piston A,'with the small apertures c c below the packing.

Figure 4 is a view of the piston A,witho11t the bore I, iig. 3.

The nature of my invention consists of an auto- 'matic hydraulic-pressure regulator. Its object is to permit the pumps of a hydraulic press, with which it may be connected, or a hydraulic pump, to .fe worked continuously while the press is in operation, and this is done by allowing any surplus water injected into the presa.

after the required pressure is attained, to escape, and thus prevent danger to the press from undue pressure.

Some of the advantages of my invention are:

First, where my automatic-pressure regulator' is connected with a hydraulic press, there is no danger of breaking the 'press from any sudden increase of power consequent upon the. continued action of the pumps after the substance then underpressiu'e has ceased to yield to the force of the press.

. Secondly, it is .not necessary to stop the action ofthe pumps, while the press is in operation, until the substance then under pressure has been siifiiciently compressed; whereas, before my invention, after a certain amount of 'pressure had been attained, the pumps required constant watching, and frequent stopping and starting, to prevent danger to the hydraulic press Yfrom too great pressure.

Thirdly, it is greatly superior to the ordinary safetyvalve in this: It is the common experience of those who use safety-valves, for this or analogous purposes, that the immense force of the water causes the seat of thewalve to leak in a very short time, sometimes a single operation ofthe pumps or press causing the most carefully-constructed valve to leak, 'after which the valve is an nsafe indicator.

.At times, also, the valve adheres tenaciously to4 its seat, by reason of corrosion or other defects, after more than the amount of pressure which it was intended to prevent has been applied to it, and thus occasions the explosion of the cylinder or other receptacle of the water.

My automatic pressur-eregulator is more easily moved, and more uniform in its action, and, as there is 'no friction of the point against a seat, it is not so` liable to get out of order.

ton.

In the accompanying drawings lik(J parts are designated by like letters.

. In order thatothers vskilled in the art may be able to construct and use my invention, I shall proceed to describe its constrnctil'in and' Inode of operation.

A is a piston, suspended between the connectinglinks M M'.

I is a lever, composed of two pieces, pivoted to R, fig. l, one of such pieces on each side, and to the connecting-links M M', at U and fig. 2, and passing around 'the postor standard S, iig. l. There is a ver-v tical slot in the centre of the post S, and between the two piecesofthe lever there is a third` piece riveted, which works in the said slot, and keeps the lever hrm.

T 1s a hollow piece, screwed on to the chamber V, and containing the circular space E.

L is a nut, screwed into the chamber V, leaving space :n between it and the piston A.

B is packing, made of leather, or other suitable material, through which the piston' works water-tight.

K is a nut, screwed over the top ofthe hollow piece T, and containing packing LD, to prevent the escape of water.

H is a tube, through which the water passes on its way from the pump to the hydraulic press. Between the tube H and the chamber 'V there is free access for the water, and, when the press is in operation, the said chamber is always kept. full of water as far up-as the packing B..

Uponthe lever I a weight is placed t'o keep the piston A firm against the pressure of the water, and the size of such weight will be the measiue ofthe desired pressure.

The piston A may be hollow for a short distance up, as shown at I, figs. l, 2, and 3, or it may be solid, as seen at tig, 4. -When hollow it will have small holes, c c, leading from the bore I to the outside of the pis- Said holes shouldv be at about thesame angle as the decrease of the point of the piston, or parallel with said decrease, as shown in the drawings.

The number of the holes c c is immaterial, but they should be situatedslightly in advance of each other,

so that the escape of the water from them may be grad-v ual, iig. 2.

The piston A passes freely through the nuts K and L, and the hollow piece T, its only points of contact being the packing D and B. v The space between the piston A and the nut L is much smaller immediately above the packing B than it is farther up, and increases gradually for some distance, after which it is of uniform width up to the space E, in the hollow piece T, fig..2.

J, iig. 2, is packing, placed above the screw which fast/ens the hollow piece -T to the chamber V, and below theJ point where the space-X connects with the space E, to prevent the water escaping through or gettingi'nto the thread of said screw.

When, by the constant pumping of the water, the pressure is greater than is required, as regulated by the Weight on the lever P, the surplus pressure will force the piston A up,'until the exterior orifices of one or more ofthe holes c c is above the packing B, when the surplus Water, if any, will escape-into the space X, and if the piston, without the bore l, is used, it will he forced up until a portion of the smaller part of the piston is above the packing B, as shown at o, 4, when the water will escape into the space E.

F isa vent-pipe, leading from the space E to the reservoir,1ig.`2, and through which the waterpnssing out of the holes c c, or at 0,1ig. 4, will escape afterpassing through the spaces X and E.

When the hydraulic regulator herein described is used upon al hydraulic press, a large pump may be used until the amount, or nearly the amount, of pressure desired is attained, when the larger pump maybe stopped, and a smaller pump may he brought into requisition, which may be kept in constant opera-tion, without danger to the press, until the operation is completely performed.

Having thus described my invention, I do not claim the use of a satety-valve without seating for hydraulic pumps, whercb)Y the spindle is kept water-tight, hy passing through packing, as that shown is in the English letters of provisional protection of Bellhouse and Dorning; but

What I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a hydraulic-presslue regulator the piston A, provided with the means shown at figsaud 4, for the surplus water to escape, when the hydraulic-pressure regulator contains more than suliicient water toproduce the power required, previously regulated b v the weight on the level-.1), substantially as and for the purpose specified. 4

2. An automatic liydraulic-pressure regulator, con tainingthe piston A, having the means of escape, c c,

for the water, and aperture I, the nut L, having the.

space X, with the packing B, as and for the purpose specified.

IHEODORE J. MCGOVVAN, Witnesses MORITZ B. PHILIP?, .Lmms MOORE. 

